Local government units in Metro Manila have urged residents to wear face masks as air quality worsens following a fire at the Navotas Sanitary Landfill. The fire, which broke out in Barangay Tanza on the evening of April 10, has since shrouded several cities in unhealthy smog.
- Air quality levels in the National Capital Region (NCR) range from “moderate” to “acutely unhealthy” in specific areas.
- Health experts recommend N95 or KF94 masks to filter microscopic particulate matter.
- Residents are advised to avoid strenuous outdoor activities and keep windows closed to reduce exposure.
Air Quality Warnings Across Metro Manila
The Environmental Management Bureau – NCR reported that Caloocan, Malabon, Valenzuela, and Pasay are currently affected by smog emanating from the landfill.
In Valenzuela, the City Environment and Natural Resources Office warned that air quality has reached the “red” level, posing danger to the general population and sensitive groups. Particulate matter in Valenzuela was recorded at 129 at 9 a.m. on April 27, a level deemed unhealthy for newborns, senior citizens, and people with comorbidities.
Other city reports indicate varying levels of pollution. Manila City sensors found “very unhealthy” air pollution levels, while Pasay City officials advised precautionary measures on April 26 due to the ongoing smoke. Caloocan and Malabon reported “moderate” air quality, though both urged sensitive groups to remain cautious.
In Makati, while most areas showed “good” levels, Barangays Carmona and Pio del Pilar were found to be unhealthy for sensitive groups, and Barangay San Isidro recorded “acutely unhealthy” particulate matter.
Health Risks of Particulate Matter
According to DENR’s EMB—Region 12, particulate matter consists of microscopic solid particles such as smoke, dust, and vapors. These particles can lodge deep in the lungs upon inhalation, potentially leading to lung damage and respiratory disease.
Pulmonologist Jennifer San Luis recommends using N95 masks, as they can filter approximately 95% of particles, or tight-fitting KF94 masks. Surgical masks are not recommended because their loose fit allows toxic particles to enter through the sides and they cannot filter fine particles.
Recommended Preventative Measures
To mitigate the effects of intense air pollution, health experts suggest avoiding strenuous outdoor activities, as deeper breathing increases the inhalation of particulate matter. Physical exercise should be moved indoors whenever possible.
Residents are also advised to keep windows and doors closed to maintain cleaner indoor air, using fans for ventilation. Proper hydration is critical; maintaining moisture in the larynx, trachea, and main bronchi helps these organs filter out inhaled contaminants.
Medical assistance should be sought immediately if an individual experiences shortness of breath, chest pain or tightness, a persistent cough, wheezing, dizziness, or confusion.
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