Volcanic activity continues at multiple locations worldwide, including the Philippines, Indonesia, and several countries in Central and South America, according to reports issued on December 18, 2025. Alert levels range from “Watch” to “Low-Level Unrest,” with ongoing eruptions and heightened monitoring by local geological agencies.
Philippines Volcano Updates
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported continued eruption activity at Kanlaon on December 17, 2025. Plumes rose to a maximum of 75 meters (246 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “2 – Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest” on a 0–5 scale.
PHIVOLCS also reported continued eruption activity at Taal on December 17, 2025. Plumes were reported, and the alert level remains at “1 – Low-Level Unrest” on a 0–5 scale.
Unrest continued at Mayon on Luzon Island on December 17, 2025, with plumes reported and 6 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remains at “1 – Abnormal” on a 0–5 scale.
Indonesian Volcano Updates
The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported continued unrest at Telong, Bur ni on December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
Unrest continued at Karangetang on Siau Island on December 17, 2025. Gas and vapor plumes rose to a maximum of 500 meters (1,640 feet) above the vent, with 5 seismically detected rockfalls. Audible sounds, such as booms and rumbling, were also reported. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued eruption activity at Raung on December 17, 2025. Gas and vapor plumes rose to a maximum of 300 meters (984 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued eruption activity at Ibu on Halmahera on December 17, 2025. Ash and gas plumes rose to a maximum of 800 meters (2,625 feet) above the vent, with 102 seismically detected explosions. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale. The Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued a report on December 18, 2025: VA LAST REPORTED AT 18/1526Z MOV NE EST VA DTG:18/1600Z
Unrest continued at Telong on December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued eruption activity at Lewotobi (Laki-Laki) on December 17, 2025. Gas and vapor plumes rose to a maximum of 300 meters (984 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “Level 3 – Standby” on a 4-level scale.
Unrest continued at Soputan in North Sulawesi on December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
Other Volcanic Activity
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued eruption activity at Lewotolo in the Lesser Sunda Islands on December 17, 2025. Gas and vapor plumes rose to a maximum of 50 meters (164 feet) above the vent, with 66 seismically detected explosions. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued eruption activity at Merapi in Central Java on December 17, 2025. There were 6 hot rockfalls, traveling up to 1,800 meters, and 87 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remains at “Level 3 – Standby” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued eruption activity at Semeru in East Java on December 17, 2025. Ash and gas plumes rose to a maximum of 500 meters (1,640 feet) above the vent, with 123 seismically detected explosions and 3 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remains at “Level 3 – Standby” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued eruption activity at Marapi in Western Sumatra on December 17, 2025. Gas and vapor plumes rose to a maximum of 150 meters (492 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued eruption activity at Dukono on Halmahera on December 17, 2025. Ash and gas plumes rose to a maximum of 700 meters (2,297 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued unrest at Kerinci in Sumatra on December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued unrest at Iliwerung in the Lesser Sunda Islands on December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
The CVGHM/PVMBG reported continued unrest at Lokon-Empung in North Sulawesi on December 17, 2025. Gas and vapor plumes rose to a maximum of 25 meters (82 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Alert” on a 4-level scale.
Volcanic Activity in the Americas
The United States Geological Survey – Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO) reported continued eruption activity at Kilauea on December 17, 2025. Intermittent glow was observed at the south vent. The alert level remains at “Watch” (level 3 on a 4-level scale), and the aviation alert level remains at “Orange” (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
The United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported continued unrest at Shishaldin in the Aleutian Islands between December 16 and December 17, 2025. A small steam/vapor plume was observed. The alert level remains at “Advisory” (level 2 on a 4-level scale), and the aviation alert level remains at “Yellow” (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
The USGS-AVO reported continued eruption activity at Great Sitkin in the United States, Aleutian Islands, between December 16 and December 17, 2025. Lava continues to slowly erupt in the summit crater. The alert level remains at “Watch” (level 3 on a 4-level scale), and the aviation alert level remains at “Orange” (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Explosive activity continues at Popocatépetl in Central Mexico. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to an estimated 20,000 feet (6,100 meters). The Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED) reported that the eruption continued between December 16 and December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Yellow Alert – Phase 2” (level 4 on a 7-level scale).
Explosive activity continues at Santiaguito in Guatemala. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to an estimated 14,000 feet (4,300 meters). The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued between December 16 and December 17, 2025. Ash fall was reported in San Marcos Palajunoj, Santa Anita, and Loma Linda.
The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported continued eruption activity at Fuego in Guatemala between December 16 and December 17, 2025. Ash and gas plumes rose to a maximum of 837 meters (2,746 feet) above the vent.
Volcanic Activity in Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Peru
The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported continued unrest at Turrialba on December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Warning” on a 0–4 scale.
The OVSICORI-UNA reported continued unrest at Rincón de la Vieja on December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Warning” on a 0–4 scale, and the aviation alert level remains at “Yellow” (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
The OVSICORI-UNA reported continued eruption activity at Poás on December 17, 2025. The alert level remains at “Level 2 – Warning” on a 0–4 scale, and the aviation alert level remains at “Yellow” (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported continued eruption activity at Sangay in Ecuador between December 16 and December 17, 2025. Ash and gas plumes rose to a maximum of 800 meters (2,625 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “2 – Yellow” on a 4-level scale.
The IG-EPN reported continued eruption activity at Reventador in Ecuador between December 16 and December 17, 2025. Ash and gas plumes rose to a maximum of 1,000 meters (3,281 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “3 – Orange” on a 4-level scale.
The Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP) reported continued eruption activity at Sabancaya in Peru between December 16 and December 17, 2025. Ash, gas, and vapor plumes rose to a maximum of 1,300 meters (4,265 feet) above the vent. The alert level remains at “Orange” (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
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